Android java: migrate build to gradle version catalog

create a new gradle catalog, project -> gradle -> new -> Version Catalog, it will prompt "lib" and press enter.

fill libs.version.toml with agp version

[versions]
agp = "9.2.1"
appcompat = "1.7.1"
material = "1.14.0"
constraintlayout = "2.2.1"
junit = "4.13.2"
androidx-junit = "1.3.0"
espresso-core = "3.7.0"
play-services-ads-lite = "25.0.0"

[libraries]
appcompat = { module = "androidx.appcompat:appcompat", version.ref = "appcompat" }
material = { module = "com.google.android.material:material", version.ref = "material" }
constraintlayout = { module = "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout", version.ref = "constraintlayout" }

junit4 = { module = "junit:junit", version.ref = "junit" }
androidx-junit = { module = "androidx.test.ext:junit", version.ref = "androidx-junit" }
espresso-core = { module = "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core", version.ref = "espresso-core" }

play-services-ads-lite = { module = "com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads-lite", version.ref = "play-services-ads-lite" }

[plugins]
android-application = { id = "com.android.application", version.ref = "agp" }

agp in [version] and [plugin] must exist.

edit build.gradle.kts

change

plugins {
    id("com.android.application")
}

to

plugins {
    alias(libs.plugins.android.application)
}

and change

dependencies {

    implementation("androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0")
    implementation("com.google.android.material:material:1.12.0")
    implementation("androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4")
    testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.2.1")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.6.1")
    implementation("com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads-lite:23.3.0")
}

 to

dependencies {

    implementation(libs.appcompat)
    implementation(libs.material)
    implementation(libs.constraintlayout)

    implementation(libs.play.services.ads.lite)

    testImplementation(libs.junit4)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.espresso.core)
}