Monday, November 9, 2026

Laptop board manufacture and name

From Debian 13 output

# cat /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/board_name
AKN79C-140P-IMR
# cat /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/board_vendor
SU
 

No Type Board Manufacture Board Type
1 Lenovo IdeaPad Gaming 3 15ARH7 LENOVO LNVNB161216
2 Advan Workplus AI Heritage (Model: L26B-R72S1) SU AKN79C-140P-IMR

Know your laptop hardware (advan heritage ai 7 255)

To find out manufacture model of your main board

windows PowerShell

C:\windows\system32> Get-CimInstance Win32_BaseBoard | Format-List Manufacturer, Product, Version


Manufacturer : SU
Product      : AKN79C-140P-IMR
Version      : Version 1.0

Debian

# cat /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/board_name
AKN79C-140P-IMR
# cat /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/board_vendor
SU

SU stands for Sixunited (Shanghai Sixunited Intelligent Technology Co.

To find out NVME model

Debian

# apt install nvme-cli
...
# nvme id-ctrl /dev/nvme0 | grep -E 'mn|fr'
mn        : HS-SSD-WAVE(P) 256G                     
fr        : SN17027 
frmw      : 0x1a
mntmt     : 373
mnan      : 0
mnsudmq   : 0

It is Hiksemi wave(p) 256GB, safe running temperature 70°C. NVMe SSD already has APST enabled and is configured to use its deepest power-saving state, PS4.

 

Saturday, November 7, 2026

Debian 13: installing mobile verification toolkit to trace pegasus malware for android devices

Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT) is a tool to facilitate the consensual forensic analysis of Android and iOS devices, for the purpose of identifying traces of compromise. The Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT) was developed by the Amnesty International Security Lab. Note: mvt is not removal tools.

Here are common known spyware can be trace by MVT:

  1. Pegasus: NSO Group spyware targeting iOS and Android
  2. Predator: Commercial spyware associated with Intellexa
  3. Reign: Sophisticated spyware associated with QuaDream
  4. Hermit: Commercial spyware associated with RCS Lab
  5. KingsPawn: Spyware associated with QuaDream investigations
  6. FinSpy / FinFisher: Commercial surveillance software
  7. DarkCaracal: Mobile surveillance campaign targeting Android devices

Install python 

# apt install python3 python3-venv sqlite3 libusb-1.0-0 libimobiledevice-utils usbmuxd pipx

Install adb for android

# apt install -y android-sdk-platform-tools android-sdk-platform-tools-common

Create virtual python 

$ pipx ensurepath
Success! Added /[home_user]/.local/bin to the PATH environment variable.

Consider adding shell completions for pipx. Run 'pipx completions' for
instructions.

You will need to open a new terminal or re-login for the PATH changes to take
effect. Alternatively, you can source your shell's config file with e.g.
'source ~/.bashrc'.

Otherwise pipx is ready to go!

Install mvt

$ pipx install mvt
  installed package mvt 2026.11.2, installed using Python 3.13.5
  These apps are now globally available
    - mvt
    - mvt-android
    - mvt-ios
⚠️  Note: '/[home_user]/.local/bin' is not on your PATH environment
    variable. These apps will not be globally accessible until your PATH is
    updated. Run `pipx ensurepath` to automatically add it, or manually modify
    your PATH in your shell's config file (e.g. ~/.bashrc).
done!
$ ls ./.local/bin/
mvt  mvt-android  mvt-ios

To update mvt

$ pip3 install --upgrade mvt

Add virtual python binary 

$ echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
$ source ~/.bashrc
$ mvt version


        MVT - Mobile Verification Toolkit

        https://mvt.re
        Version: 2026.11.2

        You have not yet downloaded any indicators, check the `download-iocs` 
command!

Download / Update spyware indicators

$ mvt download-iocs


        MVT - Mobile Verification Toolkit

        https://mvt.re
        Version: 2026.11.2

        You have not yet downloaded any indicators, check the `download-iocs` 
command!


               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "NSO Group Pegasus 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_AmnestyTec
h_investigations_master_2021-07-18_nso_pegasus.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Predator Spyware 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_intellexa_predator_predator.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "RCS Lab Spyware 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2022-06-23_rcs_lab_rcs.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Stalkerware 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_AssoEchap_
stalkerware-indicators_master_generated_stalkerware.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Surveillance campaign
linked to mercenary spyware company" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_AmnestyTec
h_investigations_master_2023-03-29_android_campaign_malware.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Quadream KingSpawn 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2023-04-11_quadream_kingspawn.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Operation 
Triangulation Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2023-06_01_operation_triangulation_operation_triangulation
.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "WyrmSpy and DragonEgg
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2023-07-25_wyrmspy_dragonegg_wyrmspy_dragonegg.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Wintego Helios 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_AmnestyTec
h_investigations_master_2024-05-02_wintego_helios_wintego_helios.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "NoviSpy (Serbia) 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_AmnestyTec
h_investigations_master_2024-12-16_serbia_novispy_novispy.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "EagleMsgSpy 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2024-12-25_eaglemsgspy_eaglemsgspy.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Candiru 
(DevilsTongue) Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_candiru_candiru.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "ResidentBat 
Indicators of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_ResidentBat_residentbat.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Cellebrite Indicators
of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_cellebrite_cellebrite.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "DarkSword Indicators 
of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2026-03-30_darksword_darksword.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Coruna Indicators of 
Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2026-03-03_coruna_cryptowaters_coruna.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Morpheus Indicators 
of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2026-04-23_ips_morpheus_morpheus.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "BTMOB Indicators of 
Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2026-05-26_btmob_btmob.stix2
               [mvt.common.updates] Downloaded indicators "Spyrtacus Indicators 
of Compromise" to 
/[home_user]/.local/share/mvt/indicators/raw.githubusercontent.com_mvt-projec
t_mvt-indicators_main_2026-04-09_sio_spyrtacus_spyrtacus.stix2
$ mvt version
        MVT - Mobile Verification Toolkit

        https://mvt.re
        Version: 2026.11.2

        Indicators updates checked recently, next automatic check in 12 hours

MVT installation done.

NOTE: steps below does not tested, and may different output depends on your android phone. 

You MUST enable developer option and debug on your Android phone.  Connect your android phone using usb cable.

create directory for forensic

$ mkdir -p ~/forensics/{evidence/android,working/android,reports/android}

Pull your data from android phone

$ adb bugreport ~/forensics/evidence/android/bugreport.zip

Scan your data to find evidence of spying malware 

$ mvt-android check-bugreport -o ~/forensics/reports/android/ ~/forensics/evidence/android/bugreport.zip

Find out the result on folder ~/forensics/reports/android/ 

 

Monday, October 26, 2026

Debian 13: patching CVE-2026-109618 and CVE-2026-109619 php2shell

known CVE-2026-109618 and CVE-2026-109619

Description: PHP uses longjmp() for out-of-memory (OOM) errors to exit the current context and abort handling of the request. Some contexts may not properly account for this scenario and leave request memory in an uninitialized state before performing an allocation. The subsequent request cleanup procedure may read or branch on this memory. Multiple OOM strategies can consistently trigger this condition and lead to remote code execution (RCE).

Offical debian patch

  • debian 12 php 8.2 -> fix 8.2.35 
  • debian 13 php 8.4 -> fix 8.4.27

source: https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-109618

The steps are

  1. check your php version# php -v
    PHP 8.4.26 (cli) (built: Sep 24 2026 17:16:18) (NTS)
    Copyright (c) The PHP Group
    Built by Debian
    Zend Engine v4.4.26, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
        with Zend OPcache v8.4.26, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
  2. perform upgrade if patch require
    # apt update && apt upgrade -y
    ...
  3. check php version after upgradea
    < # php -v PHP 8.4.27 (cli) (built: Oct 21 2026 07:53:46) (NTS) Copyright (c) The PHP Group Built by Debian Zend Engine v4.4.27, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v8.4.27, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
  4. Restart your apache 
    # systemctl restart apache2
  5. Restart PHP-FPM if you install it
    # systemctl restart php8.4-fpm

Warning: for server running Debian 11 24/7 and lower, please upgrade to Debian 12 to get patch! 

If you can not upgrade your os these are minimum php version had been patched:

  1. **PHP 8.2:** minimum 8.2.35
  2. **PHP 8.3:** minimum 8.3.36
  3. **PHP 8.4:** minimum 8.4.27
  4. **PHP 8.5:** minimum 8.5.12

If your php below those version e.g. php 7.4, these are configuration for emergency:

  1. apache include wamp

    # Limit request body size to 2MB (adjust based on your app's actual needs)
    LimitRequestBody 2097152
    # if you use php-fpm
    pm.max_requests = 1 if using PHP-FPM
  2. nginx

    http {
        client_max_body_size 2m;
    }
  3. lighttpd

    server.max-request-size = 2048
  4. iis with http

    <configuration>
        <system.webServer>
            <security>
                <requestFiltering>
                    <requestLimits maxAllowedContentLength="2097152" />
                </requestFiltering>
           </security>
       </system.webServer>
    </configuration>
  5. caddy

    example.com {
        route {
            request_body {
                max_size 2MB
            }
            php_fastcgi localhost:9000
        }
    }
  6. haproxy
    tune.http.maxrequest 

 

 

Saturday, October 24, 2026

Windows: fix boot manager after downgrade windows 11 to windows 10 on HP 15-AF109AX

Symptom: windows boot show 2 option, windows 10 and windows recovery

Assume: partition windows 11 has been replace with windows 10. 

i used these steps to downgrade win 11 to win 10 (fresh install)

  1. use gparted to delete drive c windows 11, resize esp partition from 100mb to 300mb (dual boot Debian), 
  2. use original iso dvd to install Windows 10.
  3. download and install wifi driver sp78044.exe from hp web. i download from existing debian inside this laptop, mount ntfs, and copy the file to windows directory. here is the url https://ftp.hp.com/pub/softpaq/sp78001-78500/sp78044.exe.

Find windows recovery / old windows i.e. windows 11

C:\Windows\system32>bcdedit /enum

Windows Boot Manager
--------------------
identifier              {bootmgr}
device                  partition=\Device\HarddiskVolume2
path                    \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi
description             Windows Boot Manager
locale                  en-US
inherit                 {globalsettings}
default                 {current}
resumeobject            {b9a24d5c-cf4c-11f1-88b8-fa1143ace85b}
displayorder            {current}
                        {7c1da856-b085-11ec-bcd2-a47027794018}
toolsdisplayorder       {memdiag}
timeout                 30

Windows Boot Loader
-------------------
identifier              {current}
device                  partition=C:
path                    \Windows\system32\winload.efi
description             Windows 10
locale                  en-US
inherit                 {bootloadersettings}
recoverysequence        {b9a24d5e-cf4c-11f1-88b8-fa1143ace85b}
displaymessageoverride  Recovery
recoveryenabled         Yes
isolatedcontext         Yes
allowedinmemorysettings 0x15000075
osdevice                partition=C:
systemroot              \Windows
resumeobject            {b9a24d5c-cf4c-11f1-88b8-fa1143ace85b}
nx                      OptIn
bootmenupolicy          Standard

Windows Boot Loader
-------------------
identifier              {7c1da856-b085-11ec-bcd2-a47027794018}
device                  unknown <-----------------------------------
path                    \WINDOWS\system32\winload.efi
description             Windows 10
locale                  en-US
inherit                 {bootloadersettings}
recoverysequence        {7c1da857-b085-11ec-bcd2-a47027794018}
displaymessageoverride  Recovery
recoveryenabled         Yes
isolatedcontext         Yes
allowedinmemorysettings 0x15000075
osdevice                unknown
systemroot              \WINDOWS
resumeobject            {7c1da855-b085-11ec-bcd2-a47027794018}
nx                      OptIn
bootmenupolicy          Standard

Remove  windows recovery / old windows 

C:\Windows\system32>bcdedit /delete {7c1da856-b085-11ec-bcd2-a47027794018}
The operation completed successfully.

Restart your laptop to test it.

We dont want windows 10 upgrading to windows 11

  1. open regedit (run->regedit)
  2. go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows 
  3. create a new key WindowsUpdate if not exist
  4. at right side create these values:
    • ProductVersion -> String Value -> Windows 10
    • TargetReleaseVersionInfo -> String Value -> 22H2
    • TargetReleaseVersion -> DWORD (32-bit) -> 1

 or copy this to notepad and save as no_win11.reg

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\WindowsUpdate]
"TargetReleaseVersion"=dword:00000001
"ProductVersion"="Windows 10"
"TargetReleaseVersionInfo"="22H2"

then right click to file and merge