Debian Stretch: LAMP apache2, mysql 5.7 community and php 7.0

Note: Install on fresh Debian Stretch (no apache and no database)

1. Install apache2

To install apache2 

# apt-get install apache2

2. Install mysql 5.7 community

Download MySql apt configuration from https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.7-1_all.deb

# wget --no-check-certificate https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.7-1_all.deb

Note: File name may change without notice, check latest mysql-apt-config at https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/

Install MySql apt configuration.

# dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.7-1_all.deb

Choose MySql 5.7 for stable version and continue by click Ok.

Install mysql 5.7 community

# apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common

or

# apt-get install mysql-community-server mysql-community-client mysql-common

Note: at the end of installation, system will ask you to set mysql root password (NOT LINUX ROOT USER)

3. Install php 7.0

To install php 7.0:

# apt-get install php7.0 php7.0-gd php7.0-pgsql php7.0-cli php7.0-common php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-json php7.0-cgi php7.0-xml php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-bz2 php7.0-zip libapache2-mod-php7.0

Bonus: Install webmin

Download webmin

# wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin_1.850_all.deb

Note: check http://www.webmin.com/deb.html for latest version

Install require library

# apt-get install libnet-ssleay-perl libauthen-pam-perl  libio-pty-perl  apt-show-versions

Install webmin

# dpkg -i webmin_1.850_all.deb

Note: follow this http://dedetoknotes.blogspot.co.id/2017/10/fixing-webmin-application-configuration.html to fix php.ini location

Done :)

Fixing webmin configuration file in Debian Stretch

PHP 7.0 configuration files

Others -> PHP Configuration -> Module Config:

/etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini=Configuration for mod_php
/etc/php/7.0/cgi/php.ini=Configuration for scripts run via CGI
/etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini=Configuration for command-line scripts

Debian Stretch: XEN configure & create DomU PV Debian part 3

We will use xen-tools to make it easier to create guest.

Configure /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf
# vi /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf
...
# lvm = vg0
lvm = volGroup1
...
install-method = debootstrap
...
debootstrap-cmd = /usr/sbin/debootstrap
...
size   = 80G       # Root disk, suffix (G, M, k) required
memory = 2G # Suffix (G, M, k) required
#maxmem = 2G      # Suffix (G, M, k) optional
swap   = 3G # Suffix (G, M, k) required
# noswap = 1      # Don't use swap at all for new systems.
fs     = ext4     # Default file system for any disk
dist   = `xt-guess-suite-and-mirror --suite`
                  # Default distribution is determined by Dom0's distribution
...
gateway = [your_ip_gateway]
netmask = [your_ip_netmask]
broadcast = [your_ip_broadcast]
...
nameserver = 8.8.8.8
...
bridge = br0
...
passwd = 1
...
pygrub = 1
...
mirror = `xt-guess-suite-and-mirror --mirror`
...

You can create your guest by command
# xen-create-image --hostname xdebian801 --ip=[your_ip]

...

Setting up root password

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

All done

Logfile produced at:

         /var/log/xen-tools/xdebian801.log

Installation Summary

---------------------

Hostname        :  xdebian801

Distribution    :  stretch

MAC Address     :  00:16:3E:61:28:46

IP Address(es)  :  [your_ip]

SSH Fingerprint :  SHA256:GVI1ri+NA82lDeVEf+pPgSHYFHzLe+SYkCxuTgBfEZw (DSA)

SSH Fingerprint :  SHA256:s5z6k6ek+V43NDG1CX77E81WWCVXZEOYNTEaQTXAaGM (ECDSA)

SSH Fingerprint :  SHA256:FUmWelgtmKtB/sCqrS3P5ZlttVRD/M0IVrArPnUs/8Y (ED25519)

SSH Fingerprint :  SHA256:LvrUnZE3ktnahsWFi+hXZ78+V87YZfmDKi9E01Rn+Zs (RSA)

Root Password   :  N/A

Start your guest

# xl create /etc/xen/xdebian801.cfg

# xl list

Name                                        ID   Mem VCPUs      State   Time(s)

Domain-0                                     0 11815    24     r-----     653.2

xdebian801                                   5  2048     1     -b----       3.5

State:

• r - running
• b - blocked
• p - paused
• s - shutdown
• c - crashed
• d - dying

Connect to your guest

# xl connect xdebian801

To make your guest start after boot/restart

# mkdir /etc/xen/auto

# ln -s /etc/xen/xdebian801.cfg /etc/xen/auto/xdebian801.cfg

Example command to override default configuration during image creation:
# xen-create-image --hostname myexample --ip=192.168.1.1  --size=40G  --swap=2G --memory=1G --vcpus=2

References:

1. http://blog.noviantech.com/2010/06/23/debian-kernels-and-tigon-tg3-firmware/
2. https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware
3. https://wiki.debian.org/LVM
4. https://wiki.debian.org/LinuxRaidForAdmins
5. https://ycnrg.org/xen-install-os-from-iso-pv/
6. http://hwraid.le-vert.net/

Debian Stretch: XEN configure & create DomU HVM Centos part 2

Get centos iso cd
# mkdir iso/
# cd iso
# mkdir centos7
# cd centos7
# wget http://centos.biz.net.id/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1708.iso
Note: you can choose your closest mirror.

Create logical volume for guest
# lvcreate -L300g -n xcentos701-disk volGroup1
  Logical volume "xcentos701-disk" created.

# lvdisplay

  --- Logical volume ---

  LV Path                /dev/volGroup1/xcentos701-disk

  LV Name                xcentos701-disk

  VG Name                volGroup1

  LV UUID                jmP1d1-9xFo-ruio-eEXx-Vkgi-w1Ah-X4tO7B

  LV Write Access        read/write

  LV Creation host, time server, 2017-09-29 02:29:55 +0700

  LV Status              available

  # open                 0

  LV Size                300.00 GiB

  Current LE             76800

  Segments               1

  Allocation             inherit

  Read ahead sectors     auto

  - currently set to     256

  Block device           254:0

Create guest configuration file /etc/xen/xcentos701.cfg
builder = "hvm"
name = "xcentos701"
memory = 8192
vcpus = 4
vif = [ 'mac=00:16:4f:02:02:15, ip=[your_ip], bridge=br0' ]
# Disk Devices
# A list of `diskspec' entries as described in
# docs/misc/xl-disk-configuration.txt
disk = [
  '/dev/volGroup1/xcentos701-disk,raw,xvda,rw',
  'file:/[your_home]/iso/centos7/centos7.iso,xvdc:cdrom,r'
  ]
boot = "dc"
vnc = 1
vnclisten = "[your_ip]"
vncdisplay = 0
vncpasswd = "password"

You need to use any vnc viewer to finish installation. At the end, set root password and reboot. 

If the reboot is stuck, destroy the instance.

# xl destroy xcentos701

You need to remove cdrom from configuration, edit /etc/xen/xcentos701.cfg 

builder = "hvm"

name = "xcentos701"

memory = 8192

vcpus = 4

vif = [ 'mac=00:16:4f:02:02:15, ip=[your_ip], bridge=br0' ]

# Disk Devices

# A list of `diskspec' entries as described in

# docs/misc/xl-disk-configuration.txt

disk = [

  '/dev/volGroup1/xcentos701-disk,raw,xvda,rw'

  ]

boot = "c"

We don't need vnc anymore, so we remove it (comment it out).

Start your guest
# xl create /etc/xen/xcentos701.cfg 

# xl list

Name                                        ID   Mem VCPUs      State   Time(s)

Domain-0                                     0 11815    24     r-----    5001.7

xcentos701                                   1 12288     4     -b----    9315.6

State:

• r - running
• b - blocked
• p - paused
• s - shutdown
• c - crashed
• d - dying

To connect to your guest

# xl console xencentos701

To make your guest start after boot/restart

# mkdir /etc/xen/auto

# ln -s /etc/xen/xcentos701.cfg /etc/xen/auto/xcentos701.cfg

Add user and allow su/sudo
# adduser [your_user]
# usermod -aG wheel [your_user]

References:

1. http://blog.noviantech.com/2010/06/23/debian-kernels-and-tigon-tg3-firmware/
2. https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware
3. https://wiki.debian.org/LVM
4. https://wiki.debian.org/LinuxRaidForAdmins
5. https://ycnrg.org/xen-install-os-from-iso-pv/
6. http://hwraid.le-vert.net/

Debian Stretch: XEN part 1

Install minimum Debian Stretch and add some tools
# apt-get install net-tools
# apt-get install fail2ban
# apt-get install debian-goodies
# apt-get install ntp
# apt-get install dnsutils

Install Firmware
1. Add firmware repository
# vi /etc/apt/sources.list
# NON FREE
deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian stretch main contrib non-free
# apt-get update 
2. Install firmware
# apt-get install firmware-linux-nonfree

To configure timezone
# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

If your hardware use LSI RAID for my case Mega Raid, you need to monitor your disks status. Install this tool.
1. Add Raid tools repository
# wget https://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian/hwraid.le-vert.net.gpg.key
# apt-key add ./hwraid.le-vert.net.gpg.key
# vi /etc/apt/sources.list
...
deb ​http://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian stretch main
...
# apt-get update 
2. Install Raid tools to monitor disks status.
# apt-get install megaraid-status
# megaraidsas-status
-- Arrays informations --
-- ID | Type | Size | Status
a0d0 | RAID 1 | 931GiB | optimal

-- Disks informations
-- ID | Model | Status | Warnings
a0e32s0 | SEAGATE ST1000NM0001 931GiB | online
a0e32s1 | SEAGATE ST1000NM0023 931GiB | online
a0e32s2 | SEAGATE ST1000NM0001 | ready
a0e32s3 | SEAGATE ST31000640SS 931GiB | predictive-failure

There is at least one disk/array in a NOT OPTIMAL state.

Install & configure LVM (Logical Volume Manager)
1. Install LVM2
# apt-get install lvm2 
2. Create Physical Volume on unused partition
# pvcreate /dev/sda5
WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sda5 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
  Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sda5.
  Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created.
3. Create Volume Group
# vgcreate volGroup1 /dev/sda5
  Volume group "volGroup1" successfully created
# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               volGroup1
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               784.78 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              200903
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
  Free  PE / Size       200903 / 784.78 GiB
  VG UUID               LzgeKn-N4EO-R4mV-YbRB-6Utc-7GmB-F0ALs1

Install Xen 4.8 (default in stretch)
# apt-get install xen-system-amd64 xen-tools

Make prioritise boot xen kernel
# dpkg-divert --divert /etc/grub.d/08_linux_xen --rename /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen

# update-grub

Including Xen overrides from /etc/default/grub.d/xen.cfg

WARNING: GRUB_DEFAULT changed to boot into Xen by default!

         Edit /etc/default/grub.d/xen.cfg to avoid this warning.

Generating grub configuration file ...

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-3-amd64

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-3-amd64

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-3-amd64

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-3-amd64

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-3-amd64

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-3-amd64

done

Network configuration for bridge
# vi /etc/network/interfaces
# The primary network interface
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual

# Bridge
#allow-hotplug eno1
auto br0
iface br0 inet static
   address [your_ip]/24
   gateway [your_gateway]
   # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
   dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 208.67.222.222
   bridge_ports eno1

# shutdown -r now

Edit /etc/xen/xl.conf to make bridge br0 as default network bridge
# vi /etc/xen/xl.conf
...
# default bridge device to use with vif-bridge hotplug scripts
#vif.default.bridge="xenbr0"
vif.default.bridge="br0"
...

Done! :)

Debian Stretch: XEN part 1
Debian Stretch: XEN configure & create DomU PV Debian part 3
Debian Stretch: XEN configure & create DomU HVM Centos part 2
Debian Stretch: XEN configure & create DomU PV ubuntu xenial part 4

To show memory:

# xl info | grep memory

total_memory           : 24530

free_memory            : 3122

sharing_freed_memory   : 0

sharing_used_memory    : 0

To show VCPU:

# xl info | grep cpu

nr_cpus                : 24

max_cpu_id             : 47

cpu_mhz                : 2000

free_cpus              : 0

To show volume group free space:

# vgdisplay | grep Free

  Free  PE / Size       71367 / 278.78 GiB

References:

1. http://blog.noviantech.com/2010/06/23/debian-kernels-and-tigon-tg3-firmware/ 
2. https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware 
3. https://wiki.debian.org/LVM
4. https://wiki.debian.org/LinuxRaidForAdmins
5. https://ycnrg.org/xen-install-os-from-iso-pv/
6. http://hwraid.le-vert.net/