Note: these are command references for personal usage, you may use them as references freely with your own responsible. No warranty for any damages causing bay these references.
To show model
# dmidecode -s system-version
IdeaPad Gaming 3 15ARH7
16GB DDR5-4800 each slot manufacture tested
To show ram slot
# lshw -class memory
or
# dmidecode -t memory
Using ssh : remote to server using secure channel
$ ssh -l [user_name] [servername_or_ip]
scp : upload to server using secure channel (secure copy)
$ scp [file_source_to_upload] [user_name]@[servername_or_ip]:[full_path_destination_folder]
Using tar.gz
To compress
$ tar -cvf [file_name.tar] [folder_to_archive]
To decompress from tar.gz
$ tar -xvf [file_name.tar]
$ tar -czvf BoyerMoore.tar.gz ./BoyerMooreCopyPaste
Using p7zip
decompress
$ p7zip -d ./Kramaning.4.3.7z
compress folder
$ 7z a kramaning.7z ./Kramaning/*
Restart lightdm xfce desktop server
# systemctl start lightdm
# systemctl status lightdm
User management
To Add user
# adduser user_id --home /home/user_id
To delete user and home directory
# deluser --remove-home user_id
To delete user and all related files and folders
# deluser --remove-all-files user_id
Disk Management
To show disk using lsblk
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1 259:0 0 476.9G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 16M 0 part
├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 162.2G 0 part
├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 166G 0 part
├─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 9.8G 0 part
├─nvme0n1p6 259:6 0 7.5G 0 part [SWAP]
├─nvme0n1p7 259:7 0 129.3G 0 part /
└─nvme0n1p8 259:8 0 2G 0 part
To show disk using idblk
# blkid
/dev/nvme0n1p7: UUID="df7ae6ac-f4ff-429e-9fb4-1a5f45e34f5e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="94d61bfb-c413-4068-a231-89f12c26c343"
/dev/nvme0n1p5: LABEL="DATASHARE" UUID="A2FF-3F28" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="8be24844-0267-48c4-9c9c-0eb07b682984"
/dev/nvme0n1p3: LABEL="Windows-SSD" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="9CB05AC3B05AA414" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="8996591a-1889-4be3-b932-11621d47ce94"
/dev/nvme0n1p1: LABEL_FATBOOT="SYSTEM_DRV" LABEL="SYSTEM_DRV" UUID="885A-5545" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="2ca7a85e-49bc-4ff5-8e2a-bf8d82f26ed9"
/dev/nvme0n1p8: LABEL="WINRE_DRV" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="B0825B60825B29DC" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="0df86072-3532-4140-a733-79093411909c"
/dev/nvme0n1p6: UUID="7fef573b-5f9a-4c4e-a440-5c6cf459b965" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="20da031c-ccd4-46d1-bc74-8c8f4dba0903"
/dev/nvme0n1p4: LABEL="mydata" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="2698F69298F65FAB" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="13ee1824-6ae9-4982-ad57-68c55d6586b9"
/dev/nvme0n1p2: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="274d0d21-cb88-4b51-8a27-3290a4bee067"
To show disk using fdisk
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors
Disk model: Micron MTFDKCD512QFM-1BD1AABLA
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 8CA19B9D-CFAB-4CC5-917E-96F2BD8BC30B
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 534527 532480 260M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 534528 567295 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme0n1p3 567296 340758527 340191232 162.2G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p4 340758528 688916479 348157952 166G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p5 688916480 709396479 20480000 9.8G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p6 709398528 725022719 15624192 7.5G Linux swap
/dev/nvme0n1p7 725022720 996118527 271095808 129.3G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p8 996118528 1000214527 4096000 2G Windows recovery environment
To show disk using parted
# parted -l
Model: Micron MTFDKCD512QFM-1BD1AABLA (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 512GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp
2 274MB 290MB 16.8MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres
3 290MB 174GB 174GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
4 174GB 353GB 178GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
5 353GB 363GB 10.5GB fat32 Basic data partition msftdata
6 363GB 371GB 8000MB linux-swap(v1) swap
7 371GB 510GB 139GB ext4
8 510GB 512GB 2097MB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag, no_automount
To add user myuser to sudo group
# usermod -aG sudo myuser
To check myuser already in sudo group
# sudo -l -U myuser
Matching Defaults entries for myuser on mypc:
env_reset, mail_badpass,
secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin,
use_pty
User myuser may run the following commands on mypc:
(ALL : ALL) ALL
To Switch from Desktop to shell: ctrl + alt + f1
To Switch from shell to Desktop: ctrl + alt + f7
To see journal systemd-module-load.service
# journalctl -b -u systemd-modules-load.service
To see temperature require lm-sensors
$ sensors
amdgpu-pci-0500
Adapter: PCI adapter
vddgfx: 1.46 V
vddnb: 650.00 mV
edge: +40.0°C
PPT: 21.18 W
sclk: 2 GHz
MariaDB
to change journalctl mariadb to traditional log /var/log/mysql
create directory
# mkdir -m 2750 /var/log/mysql
# chown mysql /var/log/mysql
edit /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf , find or add
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
test mariadb config, use user mysql (su mysql)
$ mysqld --validate-config
Remove old rotate log in /var/log (for personal debian/not production server)
# ls boot.log.*
# rm boot.log.*
To check and restart apache2
# apache2ctl configtest
# systemctl restart apache2
